The Kettle Question: ledger changes https://co2stats.com/kettle/changelog Every claim added to or changed in the CO2Stats Kettle ledger. en-gb Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMT Average ChatGPT query, per OpenAI's chief executive: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-text-prompt#altman-chatgpt-query-2025altman-chatgpt-query-2025/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. An email with a long attachment, How Bad Are Bananas? (2010): Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/email#berners-lee-email-attachment-2010berners-lee-email-attachment-2010/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. A long laptop-to-laptop email (10 minutes to write, 3 to read): Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/email#berners-lee-long-email-laptop-2024berners-lee-long-email-laptop-2024/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. A proper (non-spam) email, How Bad Are Bananas? (2010): Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/email#berners-lee-proper-email-2010berners-lee-proper-email-2010/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. A spam email, How Bad Are Bananas? (2010): Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/email#berners-lee-spam-email-2010berners-lee-spam-email-2010/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Google search including the user's PC, John Buckley's estimate in The Sunday Times: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/search#buckley-google-search-2009buckley-google-search-2009/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. One hour of video-on-demand streaming, European average in 2020: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/streaming-hour#carbon-trust-video-streaming-europe-2020carbon-trust-video-streaming-europe-2020/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. AnimateDiff video at default settings, Video Killed the Energy Budget: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-video#delavande-animatediff-video-2025delavande-animatediff-video-2025/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. WAN2.1-T2V-14B video at default settings, Video Killed the Energy Budget: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-video#delavande-wan21-14b-video-2025delavande-wan21-14b-video-2025/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. ChatGPT request in early 2023, from SemiAnalysis via de Vries: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-text-prompt#devries-chatgpt-request-2023devries-chatgpt-request-2023/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Typical ChatGPT query on GPT-4o, Epoch AI estimate: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-text-prompt#epoch-chatgpt-gpt4o-query-2025epoch-chatgpt-gpt4o-query-2025/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. ChatGPT request, EPRI Powering Intelligence: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-text-prompt#epri-chatgpt-request-2024epri-chatgpt-request-2024/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Google search with 15 minutes of computer use, Chris Goodall's estimate in The Sunday Times: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/search#goodall-google-search-2009goodall-google-search-2009/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Median Gemini Apps text prompt, comprehensive boundary: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-text-prompt#google-gemini-prompt-2025-comprehensivegoogle-gemini-prompt-2025-comprehensive/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Median Gemini Apps text prompt, active accelerators only: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-text-prompt#google-gemini-prompt-2025-narrowgoogle-gemini-prompt-2025-narrow/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Average Google search, Google's 2009 figure: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/search#google-search-2009google-search-2009/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. ChatGPT request, IEA Electricity 2024: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-text-prompt#iea-chatgpt-request-2024iea-chatgpt-request-2024/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Typical Google search, as stated by the IEA in Electricity 2024: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/search#iea-google-search-2024iea-google-search-2024/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. One hour of streaming video, 2019 global average (IEA revised estimate): Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/streaming-hour#iea-kamiya-streaming-hour-2019iea-kamiya-streaming-hour-2019/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Long DeepSeek-R1 query on DeepSeek's own servers, How Hungry is AI? benchmark: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-text-prompt#jegham-deepseek-r1-long-prompt-2025jegham-deepseek-r1-long-prompt-2025/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Short GPT-4o query, How Hungry is AI? benchmark: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-text-prompt#jegham-gpt4o-short-prompt-2025jegham-gpt4o-short-prompt-2025/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Streaming Netflix in 2019, Kamiya's original February 2020 estimate: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/streaming-hour#kamiya-carbon-brief-streaming-2020-02kamiya-carbon-brief-streaming-2020-02/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. GPT-3 water for 10 to 50 medium-length responses, Making AI Less Thirsty: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-text-prompt#li-ren-gpt3-water-responses-2025li-ren-gpt3-water-responses-2025/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Least efficient open image generation model, Power Hungry Processing: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-image#luccioni-image-generation-least-efficient-2024luccioni-image-generation-least-efficient-2024/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Mean image generation across open text-to-image models, Power Hungry Processing: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-image#luccioni-image-generation-mean-2024luccioni-image-generation-mean-2024/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Text generation inference, Power Hungry Processing: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-text-prompt#luccioni-text-generation-inference-2024luccioni-text-generation-inference-2024/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Frontier-scale model query on H100 nodes, Microsoft researchers' estimate: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-text-prompt#microsoft-frontier-query-2026microsoft-frontier-query-2026/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Le Chat 400-token response, Mistral life-cycle analysis: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-text-prompt#mistral-le-chat-response-2025mistral-le-chat-response-2025/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Five-second CogVideoX video at 16 frames per second (MIT Technology Review): Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-video#mit-tr-cogvideox-5s-video-2025mit-tr-cogvideox-5s-video-2025/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Older CogVideoX video at 8 frames per second (MIT Technology Review): Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-video#mit-tr-cogvideox-older-video-2025mit-tr-cogvideox-older-video-2025/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Llama 3.1 405B text response, MIT Technology Review analysis: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-text-prompt#mit-tr-llama-3-1-405b-response-2025mit-tr-llama-3-1-405b-response-2025/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Llama 3.1 8B text response, MIT Technology Review analysis: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-text-prompt#mit-tr-llama-3-1-8b-response-2025mit-tr-llama-3-1-8b-response-2025/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Stable Diffusion 3 Medium 1024 × 1024 image, GPU energy only (MIT Technology Review): Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-image#mit-tr-sd3-medium-image-2025-gpumit-tr-sd3-medium-image-2025-gpu/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Stable Diffusion 3 Medium 1024 × 1024 image, estimated total energy (MIT Technology Review): Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-image#mit-tr-sd3-medium-image-2025-totalmit-tr-sd3-medium-image-2025-total/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Stable Diffusion 3 Medium image at 50 diffusion steps (MIT Technology Review): Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/ai-image#mit-tr-sd3-medium-image-50-steps-2025mit-tr-sd3-medium-image-50-steps-2025/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. One-hour Teams call with the camera off, over 4G (network data only): Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/video-call-hour#mortas-video-call-camera-off-2026mortas-video-call-camera-off-2026/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. One-hour Teams call with the camera on, over 4G (network data only): Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/video-call-hour#mortas-video-call-camera-on-2026mortas-video-call-camera-on-2026/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. One hour of Netflix streaming worldwide, "well below 100 gCO2e": Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/streaming-hour#netflix-streaming-hour-worldwide-2021netflix-streaming-hour-worldwide-2021/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. One email, 1 g CO2e (OVO Energy "Think Before You Thank"): Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/email#ovo-thank-you-email-2019ovo-thank-you-email-2019/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. One hour of videoconferencing or streaming, Purdue/Yale/MIT study: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/video-call-hour#purdue-obringer-video-call-hour-2021purdue-obringer-video-call-hour-2021/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Half-hour show, 1.6 kg CO2e (Shift Project figure as reported by AFP): Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/streaming-hour#shift-project-afp-half-hour-show-2019shift-project-afp-half-hour-show-2019/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. One hour of online video, The Shift Project after its bitrate correction: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/streaming-hour#shift-project-online-video-hour-2020shift-project-online-video-hour-2020/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Typical Google search, as reported by The Sunday Times ("two searches boil a kettle"): Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/search#sunday-times-google-search-2009sunday-times-google-search-2009/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Median web page view as of July 2023, Website Carbon Calculator: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/website-visit#website-carbon-page-view-median-2023website-carbon-page-view-median-2023/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. Average web page view, Website Carbon Calculator (Sustainable Web Design Model v4): Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/website-visit#website-carbon-page-view-v4website-carbon-page-view-v4/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded. One second of visiting a typical website, Alex Wissner-Gross's figure: Added.https://co2stats.com/kettle/website-visit#wissner-gross-website-second-2009wissner-gross-website-second-2009/0Fri, 16 Oct 2026 00:00:00 GMTAdded.